Biodegradable packaging - how it works, definitions and benefits

Biodegradable packaging refers to any type of packaging that will naturally break down and decompose over time, reducing its impact on the environment. However, the term "biodegradable" can be overly broad and sometimes even misleading. While all biodegradable materials will eventually break down, the time it takes to do so can vary widely. For example, cellulose wrapping paper may break down in a few weeks, while a wooden box may take centuries. Such a wide range of degradation times means that not all biodegradable packaging is equally environmentally friendly.

How to Identify Biodegradable Packaging
To ensure that your packaging truly biodegrades in an environmentally friendly way, look for products labeled "compostable." Certified compostable packaging is designed to completely break down under specific conditions within a specific time frame, typically between 6 months and a year in a home or industrial composting system. The certification guarantees that the packaging will break down safely, leaving behind nutrient-rich soil rather than hazardous waste.

What materials are used in biodegradable packaging?
Contrary to popular belief, biodegradable packaging is not made entirely of bio-based or plant-based materials. The key to biodegradability lies in the molecular structure of the material, specifically the polymer chains that make up the material. These polymers must be able to break down into tiny fragments that can be digested by microorganisms. Biodegradable packaging can therefore be made from both bio-based and fossil-based polymers.

For example, traditional plastics made from fossil-based polymers such as PE, PET and PP are composed of strong carbon chains that take centuries to degrade. In contrast, biodegradable packaging materials such as paper or cellulose have a weaker molecular structure and therefore break down faster.

Understanding Fossil-Based Polymers
Fossil fuels formed from the remains of dead plants and animals are often associated with non-biodegradable plastics. However, some fossil-based plastics, such as PBAT, have weaker carbon chains that allow them to biodegrade efficiently while maintaining the durability and flexibility required for packaging. This makes them ideal for biodegradable food packaging, as they offer the benefits of traditional plastics but without the long-term environmental impacts.

Types of Biodegradable Packaging
There are various types of biodegradable packaging available, but not all are suitable for food. Here are some examples:

Hemp: Derived from the cannabis plant, hemp is highly biodegradable and versatile, but is expensive and not widely available in its polymerized form.

Paper: A traditional compostable material that biodegrades quickly and is easily recyclable, but lacks the protective properties required for many food packaging applications.
PLA (polylactic acid): A bio-based material that can be molded like traditional plastics but is slow to compost, even in industrial settings.
Cellulose: Plant-based and highly biodegradable, it’s great for short-term packaging but not for long-term food storage.
Seaweed: Similar to cellulose, seaweed-based packaging is biodegradable and suitable for short-term use, but not stable enough for food packaging.
Biodegradable food packaging requires a material that is durable enough to protect the product during shipping and storage, yet fully biodegrades in a reasonable amount of time. TIPA compostable packaging, for example, combines bio-based and fossil-based polymers to achieve this balance.

Why Biodegradable Packaging Is Important
As global waste generation continues to rise, biodegradable packaging offers an important solution to reduce environmental harm. With millions of tons of plastic entering the ocean every year, finding sustainable alternatives is more important than ever.

Biodegradable packaging, especially in the food industry, plays a vital role in creating a circular economy. By composting packaging waste, we can produce nutrient-rich soil, support agriculture and food production, reduce the impact of waste on the environment, and promote sustainable development.

The Importance of Biodegradable Packaging in the Food Industry
The difference between biodegradable and non-biodegradable packaging is clear. While both can be used to package food, biodegradable packaging, such as banana peels, will naturally decompose, while plastic bags can remain in the environment for hundreds of years.

In the United States, 63% of solid waste comes from packaging, and this number is rising. By transitioning to biodegradable packaging, the food industry can significantly reduce waste and contribute to the circular economy. Instead of sending large amounts of plastic to landfills, biodegradable packaging will naturally decompose, returning valuable nutrients to the soil.

Benefits of Biodegradable Packaging
The benefits of biodegradable packaging extend far beyond waste reduction. They include:

Supporting agriculture: Biodegradable packaging waste can be composted, enriching the soil and supporting agriculture.
Healthier solution: Biodegradable packaging is non-toxic and natural, making it a safer choice for food and food products.
Waste reduction: By using biodegradable packaging, we can reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills or oceans.
Natural decomposition: Certified compostable packaging is designed to decompose within a specified time, ensuring it returns to nature without causing harm.

Biodegradable packaging is a key strategy to address the environmental challenges posed by waste. By choosing biodegradable options, especially in the food industry, we can contribute to a healthier planet and a more sustainable future.

At Vograce, we not only offer quality products, but also custom packaging. We carefully consider your presentation and provide you with the best clear and biodegradable packaging. It is our responsibility to provide detailed guidelines on packaging for ease of use.

We use non-toxic water-based adhesives. However, vinyl is not. In addition, all of our materials meet OSHA standards.